1/16/2023 0 Comments Roman intaglio ring![]() ![]() He was unpopular with them from the outset, having seized power with the help of the military, and he returned the sentiment. His relations with the Roman Senate were never good. The Parthian capital Ctesiphon was sacked by the legions, and the northern half of Mesopotamia was restored to Rome. In 197 he waged a brief and successful war against the Parthian Empire in retaliation for the support given to Pescennius Niger. Severus was at heart a soldier, and sought glory through military exploits. On February 19, 197, in the Battle of Lugdunum, with an army of 100,000 men, mostly composed of Illyrian, Moesian and Dacian legions, Severus defeated and killed Clodius Albinus, securing his full control over the Empire. Severus, after a short stay in Rome, moved northwards to meet him. When afterwards Severus declared openly his son Caracalla as successor, Albinus was hailed emperor by his troops and moved to Gallia. The following year was devoted to suppressing Mesopotamia and other Parthian vassals who had backed Niger. With his rearguard safe, he moved to the East and crushed Niger’s forces at the Battle of Issus. At the same time, Severus felt reasonable to offer Clodius Albinus, the powerful governor of Britannia who had probably supported Didius against him, the rank of Caesar, which implied some claim to succession. The legions of Syria, however, had proclaimed Pescennius Niger emperor. The former emperor, Didius Julianus, was condemned to death by the Senate and killed, and Severus took possession of Rome without opposition. On the murder of Pertinax by the troops in 193, they proclaimed Severus Emperor at Carnuntum, whereupon he hurried to Italy. In 190 Severus became consul, and in the following year received from the emperor Commodus (successor to Marcus Aurelius) the command of the legions in Pannonia. In 172, Severus was made a Senator by the then emperor Marcus Aurelius. Severus’s maternal cousin was Praetorian Guard and consul Gaius Fulvius Plautianus. His siblings were a younger Publius Septimius Geta and Septimia Octavilla. His mother, Fulvia Pia’s family moved from Italy to North Africa and was of the Fulvius gens, an ancient and politically influential clan, which was originally of plebeian status. Little is known of his father, Publius Septimius Geta, who held no major political status but had two cousins who served as consuls under emperor Antoninus Pius. Severus was of Italian Roman ancestry on his mother’s side and of Berber or Punic ancestry on his father’s. Severus came from a wealthy, distinguished family of equestrian rank. Septimius Severus was born and raised at Leptis Magna (modern Libya, southeast of Carthage, ). He was born in what is now the Libyan part of Rome’s historic Africa Province, making him the first emperor to be born in the Roman province of Africa Early 19 nth century high carat gold ring set with a carnelian intaglio from second century A.D.depicting Septimius Severus (146 -211) a Roman general, and Roman Emperor from 193 to 211. ![]()
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